1 00:00:36,480 --> 00:00:40,229 kathy thornton continues to ignite fuels 2 00:00:40,229 --> 00:00:40,239 kathy thornton continues to ignite fuels 3 00:00:40,239 --> 00:00:42,470 kathy thornton continues to ignite fuels that are 4 00:00:42,470 --> 00:00:42,480 that are 5 00:00:42,480 --> 00:00:46,950 that are have been deployed onto a thin fiber 6 00:00:46,950 --> 00:00:46,960 7 00:00:46,960 --> 00:00:52,869 got the latch to rope shape 8 00:00:52,869 --> 00:00:52,879 9 00:00:52,879 --> 00:00:54,790 that's affirmative valve this is a real 10 00:00:54,790 --> 00:00:54,800 that's affirmative valve this is a real 11 00:00:54,800 --> 00:00:56,950 that's affirmative valve this is a real nice drop and we'd like to continue on 12 00:00:56,950 --> 00:00:56,960 nice drop and we'd like to continue on 13 00:00:56,960 --> 00:00:58,869 nice drop and we'd like to continue on at step 14 00:00:58,869 --> 00:00:58,879 at step 15 00:00:58,879 --> 00:01:03,990 at step delta decimal five 16 00:01:03,990 --> 00:01:04,000 17 00:01:04,000 --> 00:01:09,910 copy that 18 00:01:09,910 --> 00:01:09,920 19 00:01:09,920 --> 00:01:12,550 once again we are able to see 20 00:01:12,550 --> 00:01:12,560 once again we are able to see 21 00:01:12,560 --> 00:01:14,870 once again we are able to see experiment video from three of the 22 00:01:14,870 --> 00:01:14,880 experiment video from three of the 23 00:01:14,880 --> 00:01:16,710 experiment video from three of the experiments that are being processed 24 00:01:16,710 --> 00:01:16,720 experiments that are being processed 25 00:01:16,720 --> 00:01:45,270 experiments that are being processed onboard space lab 26 00:01:45,270 --> 00:01:45,280 27 00:01:45,280 --> 00:01:46,789 stand by rommel and kathy can you 28 00:01:46,789 --> 00:01:46,799 stand by rommel and kathy can you 29 00:01:46,799 --> 00:01:51,510 stand by rommel and kathy can you confirm it's still burning 30 00:01:51,510 --> 00:01:51,520 31 00:01:51,520 --> 00:01:53,350 it just extinguished and there's a 32 00:01:53,350 --> 00:01:53,360 it just extinguished and there's a 33 00:01:53,360 --> 00:01:54,630 it just extinguished and there's a little bit of clouding in the chamber 34 00:01:54,630 --> 00:01:54,640 little bit of clouding in the chamber 35 00:01:54,640 --> 00:01:55,910 little bit of clouding in the chamber this time that was really strange 36 00:01:55,910 --> 00:01:55,920 this time that was really strange 37 00:01:55,920 --> 00:02:03,190 this time that was really strange looking 38 00:02:03,190 --> 00:02:03,200 39 00:02:03,200 --> 00:02:05,429 in space lab huntsville for kathy we are 40 00:02:05,429 --> 00:02:05,439 in space lab huntsville for kathy we are 41 00:02:05,439 --> 00:02:08,309 in space lab huntsville for kathy we are going to run with the fsdc fan on for 42 00:02:08,309 --> 00:02:08,319 going to run with the fsdc fan on for 43 00:02:08,319 --> 00:02:10,070 going to run with the fsdc fan on for this next three millimeter run and when 44 00:02:10,070 --> 00:02:10,080 this next three millimeter run and when 45 00:02:10,080 --> 00:02:11,430 this next three millimeter run and when you're ready to copy the setting i've 46 00:02:11,430 --> 00:02:11,440 you're ready to copy the setting i've 47 00:02:11,440 --> 00:02:15,750 you're ready to copy the setting i've got that for you 48 00:02:15,750 --> 00:02:15,760 49 00:02:15,760 --> 00:02:17,589 kathy thornton has just released another 50 00:02:17,589 --> 00:02:17,599 kathy thornton has just released another 51 00:02:17,599 --> 00:02:30,949 kathy thornton has just released another drop of fuel onto the fiber 52 00:02:30,949 --> 00:02:30,959 53 00:02:30,959 --> 00:02:33,509 the fuel has just been ignited 54 00:02:33,509 --> 00:02:33,519 the fuel has just been ignited 55 00:02:33,519 --> 00:02:35,509 the fuel has just been ignited you can see the combustion products or 56 00:02:35,509 --> 00:02:35,519 you can see the combustion products or 57 00:02:35,519 --> 00:02:37,350 you can see the combustion products or soot that are being released by the 58 00:02:37,350 --> 00:02:37,360 soot that are being released by the 59 00:02:37,360 --> 00:03:00,949 soot that are being released by the burning fuel 60 00:03:00,949 --> 00:03:00,959 61 00:03:00,959 --> 00:03:03,110 hello worcester mass 62 00:03:03,110 --> 00:03:03,120 hello worcester mass 63 00:03:03,120 --> 00:03:04,790 hello worcester mass my name is al sacco and i'm from 64 00:03:04,790 --> 00:03:04,800 my name is al sacco and i'm from 65 00:03:04,800 --> 00:03:07,190 my name is al sacco and i'm from worcester mass i'm a ps on this flight 66 00:03:07,190 --> 00:03:07,200 worcester mass i'm a ps on this flight 67 00:03:07,200 --> 00:03:09,430 worcester mass i'm a ps on this flight united states microgravity lab number 68 00:03:09,430 --> 00:03:09,440 united states microgravity lab number 69 00:03:09,440 --> 00:03:11,110 united states microgravity lab number two we're doing a lot of science 70 00:03:11,110 --> 00:03:11,120 two we're doing a lot of science 71 00:03:11,120 --> 00:03:12,630 two we're doing a lot of science experiments on a whole variety of 72 00:03:12,630 --> 00:03:12,640 experiments on a whole variety of 73 00:03:12,640 --> 00:03:14,869 experiments on a whole variety of different fields biotechnology material 74 00:03:14,869 --> 00:03:14,879 different fields biotechnology material 75 00:03:14,879 --> 00:03:16,710 different fields biotechnology material science crystal growth fluid dynamics 76 00:03:16,710 --> 00:03:16,720 science crystal growth fluid dynamics 77 00:03:16,720 --> 00:03:19,190 science crystal growth fluid dynamics fluid physics and combustion 78 00:03:19,190 --> 00:03:19,200 fluid physics and combustion 79 00:03:19,200 --> 00:03:20,470 fluid physics and combustion and we're going to talk a little bit 80 00:03:20,470 --> 00:03:20,480 and we're going to talk a little bit 81 00:03:20,480 --> 00:03:22,390 and we're going to talk a little bit about all of these things with you guys 82 00:03:22,390 --> 00:03:22,400 about all of these things with you guys 83 00:03:22,400 --> 00:03:24,149 about all of these things with you guys today before we do 84 00:03:24,149 --> 00:03:24,159 today before we do 85 00:03:24,159 --> 00:03:25,990 today before we do let me introduce or let them introduce 86 00:03:25,990 --> 00:03:26,000 let me introduce or let them introduce 87 00:03:26,000 --> 00:03:28,149 let me introduce or let them introduce themselves the redshift first we'll go 88 00:03:28,149 --> 00:03:28,159 themselves the redshift first we'll go 89 00:03:28,159 --> 00:03:32,869 themselves the redshift first we'll go to our commander the boss 90 00:03:32,869 --> 00:03:32,879 91 00:03:32,879 --> 00:03:35,030 hi i'm ken bowersox i'm from bedford 92 00:03:35,030 --> 00:03:35,040 hi i'm ken bowersox i'm from bedford 93 00:03:35,040 --> 00:03:36,789 hi i'm ken bowersox i'm from bedford indiana and i'm the mission commander on 94 00:03:36,789 --> 00:03:36,799 indiana and i'm the mission commander on 95 00:03:36,799 --> 00:03:41,830 indiana and i'm the mission commander on fps 73. 96 00:03:41,830 --> 00:03:41,840 97 00:03:41,840 --> 00:03:43,509 i'm kathy thornton and i'm the payload 98 00:03:43,509 --> 00:03:43,519 i'm kathy thornton and i'm the payload 99 00:03:43,519 --> 00:03:47,110 i'm kathy thornton and i'm the payload commander on this flight 100 00:03:47,110 --> 00:03:47,120 commander on this flight 101 00:03:47,120 --> 00:03:48,630 commander on this flight and i'm kent romer you're from delaware 102 00:03:48,630 --> 00:03:48,640 and i'm kent romer you're from delaware 103 00:03:48,640 --> 00:03:50,070 and i'm kent romer you're from delaware colorado and i'm the pilot on this 104 00:03:50,070 --> 00:03:50,080 colorado and i'm the pilot on this 105 00:03:50,080 --> 00:03:55,910 colorado and i'm the pilot on this flight 106 00:03:55,910 --> 00:03:55,920 107 00:03:55,920 --> 00:04:03,589 and that's the redshift 108 00:04:03,589 --> 00:04:03,599 109 00:04:03,599 --> 00:04:05,670 can we have the first question please 110 00:04:05,670 --> 00:04:05,680 can we have the first question please 111 00:04:05,680 --> 00:04:07,589 can we have the first question please okay for questions regarding fluid 112 00:04:07,589 --> 00:04:07,599 okay for questions regarding fluid 113 00:04:07,599 --> 00:04:09,429 okay for questions regarding fluid experiments worcester south high please 114 00:04:09,429 --> 00:04:09,439 experiments worcester south high please 115 00:04:09,439 --> 00:04:11,030 experiments worcester south high please go ahead 116 00:04:11,030 --> 00:04:11,040 go ahead 117 00:04:11,040 --> 00:04:12,630 go ahead this is hosanna 118 00:04:12,630 --> 00:04:12,640 this is hosanna 119 00:04:12,640 --> 00:04:14,710 this is hosanna my question is what is the purpose of 120 00:04:14,710 --> 00:04:14,720 my question is what is the purpose of 121 00:04:14,720 --> 00:04:18,870 my question is what is the purpose of the contact angle experiment 122 00:04:18,870 --> 00:04:18,880 123 00:04:18,880 --> 00:04:20,310 well in order to understand the purpose 124 00:04:20,310 --> 00:04:20,320 well in order to understand the purpose 125 00:04:20,320 --> 00:04:21,909 well in order to understand the purpose of the contact angle experiment you 126 00:04:21,909 --> 00:04:21,919 of the contact angle experiment you 127 00:04:21,919 --> 00:04:24,150 of the contact angle experiment you first have to understand two variables 128 00:04:24,150 --> 00:04:24,160 first have to understand two variables 129 00:04:24,160 --> 00:04:25,670 first have to understand two variables that are involved with it one is called 130 00:04:25,670 --> 00:04:25,680 that are involved with it one is called 131 00:04:25,680 --> 00:04:27,030 that are involved with it one is called surface tension 132 00:04:27,030 --> 00:04:27,040 surface tension 133 00:04:27,040 --> 00:04:28,629 surface tension and the other is contact angle and 134 00:04:28,629 --> 00:04:28,639 and the other is contact angle and 135 00:04:28,639 --> 00:04:29,990 and the other is contact angle and they're related 136 00:04:29,990 --> 00:04:30,000 they're related 137 00:04:30,000 --> 00:04:31,990 they're related surface tension really can be simply 138 00:04:31,990 --> 00:04:32,000 surface tension really can be simply 139 00:04:32,000 --> 00:04:34,070 surface tension really can be simply thought of as how molecules like each 140 00:04:34,070 --> 00:04:34,080 thought of as how molecules like each 141 00:04:34,080 --> 00:04:35,749 thought of as how molecules like each other that they like each other a lot 142 00:04:35,749 --> 00:04:35,759 other that they like each other a lot 143 00:04:35,759 --> 00:04:37,909 other that they like each other a lot they have a very high surface tension on 144 00:04:37,909 --> 00:04:37,919 they have a very high surface tension on 145 00:04:37,919 --> 00:04:39,749 they have a very high surface tension on the other hand what you also have to 146 00:04:39,749 --> 00:04:39,759 the other hand what you also have to 147 00:04:39,759 --> 00:04:41,270 the other hand what you also have to balance is how they like the materials 148 00:04:41,270 --> 00:04:41,280 balance is how they like the materials 149 00:04:41,280 --> 00:04:42,950 balance is how they like the materials they contact 150 00:04:42,950 --> 00:04:42,960 they contact 151 00:04:42,960 --> 00:04:44,710 they contact and those are called adhesive forces 152 00:04:44,710 --> 00:04:44,720 and those are called adhesive forces 153 00:04:44,720 --> 00:04:47,030 and those are called adhesive forces adhesive forces how the liquids 154 00:04:47,030 --> 00:04:47,040 adhesive forces how the liquids 155 00:04:47,040 --> 00:04:49,189 adhesive forces how the liquids like the solid so what you have when the 156 00:04:49,189 --> 00:04:49,199 like the solid so what you have when the 157 00:04:49,199 --> 00:04:51,189 like the solid so what you have when the contact angle experiment is a balance 158 00:04:51,189 --> 00:04:51,199 contact angle experiment is a balance 159 00:04:51,199 --> 00:04:53,110 contact angle experiment is a balance between what they call cohesive forces 160 00:04:53,110 --> 00:04:53,120 between what they call cohesive forces 161 00:04:53,120 --> 00:04:54,550 between what they call cohesive forces or surface tension 162 00:04:54,550 --> 00:04:54,560 or surface tension 163 00:04:54,560 --> 00:04:56,550 or surface tension and adhesive forces so how it likes the 164 00:04:56,550 --> 00:04:56,560 and adhesive forces so how it likes the 165 00:04:56,560 --> 00:04:59,830 and adhesive forces so how it likes the wall and when those two balance 166 00:04:59,830 --> 00:04:59,840 wall and when those two balance 167 00:04:59,840 --> 00:05:01,270 wall and when those two balance and they're balanced by gravity that's 168 00:05:01,270 --> 00:05:01,280 and they're balanced by gravity that's 169 00:05:01,280 --> 00:05:04,469 and they're balanced by gravity that's really how far up the liquid goes 170 00:05:04,469 --> 00:05:04,479 really how far up the liquid goes 171 00:05:04,479 --> 00:05:06,310 really how far up the liquid goes now in in space the reason we come to 172 00:05:06,310 --> 00:05:06,320 now in in space the reason we come to 173 00:05:06,320 --> 00:05:08,230 now in in space the reason we come to space to study surface tension is 174 00:05:08,230 --> 00:05:08,240 space to study surface tension is 175 00:05:08,240 --> 00:05:09,830 space to study surface tension is primarily because it dominates and let 176 00:05:09,830 --> 00:05:09,840 primarily because it dominates and let 177 00:05:09,840 --> 00:05:28,469 primarily because it dominates and let me give you an example of that 178 00:05:28,469 --> 00:05:28,479 179 00:05:28,479 --> 00:05:30,150 you see in space the orange juice the 180 00:05:30,150 --> 00:05:30,160 you see in space the orange juice the 181 00:05:30,160 --> 00:05:31,909 you see in space the orange juice the molecules like each other and they form 182 00:05:31,909 --> 00:05:31,919 molecules like each other and they form 183 00:05:31,919 --> 00:05:33,990 molecules like each other and they form a sphere if you were to do that on the 184 00:05:33,990 --> 00:05:34,000 a sphere if you were to do that on the 185 00:05:34,000 --> 00:05:36,070 a sphere if you were to do that on the ground of course it would cling to the 186 00:05:36,070 --> 00:05:36,080 ground of course it would cling to the 187 00:05:36,080 --> 00:05:38,150 ground of course it would cling to the sides of the vessel and these are called 188 00:05:38,150 --> 00:05:38,160 sides of the vessel and these are called 189 00:05:38,160 --> 00:05:39,830 sides of the vessel and these are called again surface tension is something 190 00:05:39,830 --> 00:05:39,840 again surface tension is something 191 00:05:39,840 --> 00:05:42,710 again surface tension is something called a cohesive force 192 00:05:42,710 --> 00:05:42,720 called a cohesive force 193 00:05:42,720 --> 00:05:44,310 called a cohesive force steven bellick from the accelerated 194 00:05:44,310 --> 00:05:44,320 steven bellick from the accelerated 195 00:05:44,320 --> 00:05:46,150 steven bellick from the accelerated learning laboratory 196 00:05:46,150 --> 00:05:46,160 learning laboratory 197 00:05:46,160 --> 00:05:47,510 learning laboratory hi i'm nick piquette from north high 198 00:05:47,510 --> 00:05:47,520 hi i'm nick piquette from north high 199 00:05:47,520 --> 00:05:48,790 hi i'm nick piquette from north high school 200 00:05:48,790 --> 00:05:48,800 school 201 00:05:48,800 --> 00:05:50,469 school hi i'm beth quinadamo from north high 202 00:05:50,469 --> 00:05:50,479 hi i'm beth quinadamo from north high 203 00:05:50,479 --> 00:05:51,749 hi i'm beth quinadamo from north high school 204 00:05:51,749 --> 00:05:51,759 school 205 00:05:51,759 --> 00:05:53,029 school hi i'm reggie hill from north high 206 00:05:53,029 --> 00:05:53,039 hi i'm reggie hill from north high 207 00:05:53,039 --> 00:05:53,909 hi i'm reggie hill from north high school 208 00:05:53,909 --> 00:05:53,919 school 209 00:05:53,919 --> 00:05:55,430 school hi i'm josh robert from dardy high 210 00:05:55,430 --> 00:05:55,440 hi i'm josh robert from dardy high 211 00:05:55,440 --> 00:05:56,469 hi i'm josh robert from dardy high school 212 00:05:56,469 --> 00:05:56,479 school 213 00:05:56,479 --> 00:05:58,230 school hi i'm tanisha westa from north high 214 00:05:58,230 --> 00:05:58,240 hi i'm tanisha westa from north high 215 00:05:58,240 --> 00:05:59,909 hi i'm tanisha westa from north high school and our question is 216 00:05:59,909 --> 00:05:59,919 school and our question is 217 00:05:59,919 --> 00:06:02,070 school and our question is how does the surface tension and contact 218 00:06:02,070 --> 00:06:02,080 how does the surface tension and contact 219 00:06:02,080 --> 00:06:04,150 how does the surface tension and contact angle react in space when soap is added 220 00:06:04,150 --> 00:06:04,160 angle react in space when soap is added 221 00:06:04,160 --> 00:06:08,870 angle react in space when soap is added and why 222 00:06:08,870 --> 00:06:08,880 223 00:06:08,880 --> 00:06:11,110 soap is a what we call a surfactant and 224 00:06:11,110 --> 00:06:11,120 soap is a what we call a surfactant and 225 00:06:11,120 --> 00:06:12,790 soap is a what we call a surfactant and what that does is reduce the surface 226 00:06:12,790 --> 00:06:12,800 what that does is reduce the surface 227 00:06:12,800 --> 00:06:14,629 what that does is reduce the surface tension 228 00:06:14,629 --> 00:06:14,639 tension 229 00:06:14,639 --> 00:06:16,390 tension and in space it reduces the surface 230 00:06:16,390 --> 00:06:16,400 and in space it reduces the surface 231 00:06:16,400 --> 00:06:17,990 and in space it reduces the surface tension by the same amount it doesn't 232 00:06:17,990 --> 00:06:18,000 tension by the same amount it doesn't 233 00:06:18,000 --> 00:06:21,110 tension by the same amount it doesn't change at all in space but again what 234 00:06:21,110 --> 00:06:21,120 change at all in space but again what 235 00:06:21,120 --> 00:06:22,790 change at all in space but again what you can see is you can see the effect of 236 00:06:22,790 --> 00:06:22,800 you can see is you can see the effect of 237 00:06:22,800 --> 00:06:25,189 you can see is you can see the effect of that so factor a lot more in space 238 00:06:25,189 --> 00:06:25,199 that so factor a lot more in space 239 00:06:25,199 --> 00:06:27,430 that so factor a lot more in space because you have a one-sixth gravity 240 00:06:27,430 --> 00:06:27,440 because you have a one-sixth gravity 241 00:06:27,440 --> 00:06:29,749 because you have a one-sixth gravity component and therefore surface tension 242 00:06:29,749 --> 00:06:29,759 component and therefore surface tension 243 00:06:29,759 --> 00:06:31,590 component and therefore surface tension dominates over gravity and we can 244 00:06:31,590 --> 00:06:31,600 dominates over gravity and we can 245 00:06:31,600 --> 00:06:33,110 dominates over gravity and we can explore that but it really doesn't 246 00:06:33,110 --> 00:06:33,120 explore that but it really doesn't 247 00:06:33,120 --> 00:06:34,710 explore that but it really doesn't change 248 00:06:34,710 --> 00:06:34,720 change 249 00:06:34,720 --> 00:06:36,710 change anything more than it does on the ground 250 00:06:36,710 --> 00:06:36,720 anything more than it does on the ground 251 00:06:36,720 --> 00:06:38,230 anything more than it does on the ground the ground and space are very similar 252 00:06:38,230 --> 00:06:38,240 the ground and space are very similar 253 00:06:38,240 --> 00:06:48,070 the ground and space are very similar when you add soap as a surfactant 254 00:06:48,070 --> 00:06:48,080 255 00:06:48,080 --> 00:06:49,350 i'm katie already from doing another 256 00:06:49,350 --> 00:06:49,360 i'm katie already from doing another 257 00:06:49,360 --> 00:06:50,710 i'm katie already from doing another question please 258 00:06:50,710 --> 00:06:50,720 question please 259 00:06:50,720 --> 00:06:53,189 question please i am igor vishwandority high school 260 00:06:53,189 --> 00:06:53,199 i am igor vishwandority high school 261 00:06:53,199 --> 00:06:55,189 i am igor vishwandority high school and i'm tom davao from doherty high and 262 00:06:55,189 --> 00:06:55,199 and i'm tom davao from doherty high and 263 00:06:55,199 --> 00:06:57,189 and i'm tom davao from doherty high and our question is in the contact angle 264 00:06:57,189 --> 00:06:57,199 our question is in the contact angle 265 00:06:57,199 --> 00:06:58,950 our question is in the contact angle experiment what would happen if the 266 00:06:58,950 --> 00:06:58,960 experiment what would happen if the 267 00:06:58,960 --> 00:07:00,550 experiment what would happen if the slides were of different materials and 268 00:07:00,550 --> 00:07:00,560 slides were of different materials and 269 00:07:00,560 --> 00:07:02,550 slides were of different materials and sizes and would other liquids change the 270 00:07:02,550 --> 00:07:02,560 sizes and would other liquids change the 271 00:07:02,560 --> 00:07:06,870 sizes and would other liquids change the result 272 00:07:06,870 --> 00:07:06,880 273 00:07:06,880 --> 00:07:09,029 well i hope uh with what i've explained 274 00:07:09,029 --> 00:07:09,039 well i hope uh with what i've explained 275 00:07:09,039 --> 00:07:10,790 well i hope uh with what i've explained to you so far that surface tension and 276 00:07:10,790 --> 00:07:10,800 to you so far that surface tension and 277 00:07:10,800 --> 00:07:13,029 to you so far that surface tension and contact angle are basic properties of a 278 00:07:13,029 --> 00:07:13,039 contact angle are basic properties of a 279 00:07:13,039 --> 00:07:15,510 contact angle are basic properties of a liquid and its interaction with the 280 00:07:15,510 --> 00:07:15,520 liquid and its interaction with the 281 00:07:15,520 --> 00:07:16,629 liquid and its interaction with the solid 282 00:07:16,629 --> 00:07:16,639 solid 283 00:07:16,639 --> 00:07:18,309 solid so those aren't affected by space 284 00:07:18,309 --> 00:07:18,319 so those aren't affected by space 285 00:07:18,319 --> 00:07:21,270 so those aren't affected by space however every time you change the liquid 286 00:07:21,270 --> 00:07:21,280 however every time you change the liquid 287 00:07:21,280 --> 00:07:23,029 however every time you change the liquid or you change the solid that it's in 288 00:07:23,029 --> 00:07:23,039 or you change the solid that it's in 289 00:07:23,039 --> 00:07:25,270 or you change the solid that it's in contact with that is the material then 290 00:07:25,270 --> 00:07:25,280 contact with that is the material then 291 00:07:25,280 --> 00:07:27,350 contact with that is the material then you in fact will affect the contact 292 00:07:27,350 --> 00:07:27,360 you in fact will affect the contact 293 00:07:27,360 --> 00:07:30,309 you in fact will affect the contact angle experiment how high it rises but 294 00:07:30,309 --> 00:07:30,319 angle experiment how high it rises but 295 00:07:30,319 --> 00:07:32,469 angle experiment how high it rises but the size that is the size of the 296 00:07:32,469 --> 00:07:32,479 the size that is the size of the 297 00:07:32,479 --> 00:07:34,950 the size that is the size of the materials or even the amount of liquid 298 00:07:34,950 --> 00:07:34,960 materials or even the amount of liquid 299 00:07:34,960 --> 00:07:36,550 materials or even the amount of liquid that you put in really doesn't have a 300 00:07:36,550 --> 00:07:36,560 that you put in really doesn't have a 301 00:07:36,560 --> 00:07:38,790 that you put in really doesn't have a major effect on that either in space or 302 00:07:38,790 --> 00:07:38,800 major effect on that either in space or 303 00:07:38,800 --> 00:07:42,790 major effect on that either in space or on the ground 304 00:07:42,790 --> 00:07:42,800 305 00:07:42,800 --> 00:07:44,629 next question please we have five 306 00:07:44,629 --> 00:07:44,639 next question please we have five 307 00:07:44,639 --> 00:07:46,230 next question please we have five minutes remaining in worcester please go 308 00:07:46,230 --> 00:07:46,240 minutes remaining in worcester please go 309 00:07:46,240 --> 00:07:48,710 minutes remaining in worcester please go ahead with the next question 310 00:07:48,710 --> 00:07:48,720 ahead with the next question 311 00:07:48,720 --> 00:07:50,950 ahead with the next question hi my name is hong tran from north high 312 00:07:50,950 --> 00:07:50,960 hi my name is hong tran from north high 313 00:07:50,960 --> 00:07:53,029 hi my name is hong tran from north high and i was wondering if the mass of an 314 00:07:53,029 --> 00:07:53,039 and i was wondering if the mass of an 315 00:07:53,039 --> 00:07:59,270 and i was wondering if the mass of an object can break its service tension 316 00:07:59,270 --> 00:07:59,280 317 00:07:59,280 --> 00:08:00,629 you know that's that's another very 318 00:08:00,629 --> 00:08:00,639 you know that's that's another very 319 00:08:00,639 --> 00:08:02,150 you know that's that's another very interesting question and you got to 320 00:08:02,150 --> 00:08:02,160 interesting question and you got to 321 00:08:02,160 --> 00:08:03,670 interesting question and you got to think about it a little bit surface 322 00:08:03,670 --> 00:08:03,680 think about it a little bit surface 323 00:08:03,680 --> 00:08:05,430 think about it a little bit surface tension again is a basic property of a 324 00:08:05,430 --> 00:08:05,440 tension again is a basic property of a 325 00:08:05,440 --> 00:08:06,710 tension again is a basic property of a fluid 326 00:08:06,710 --> 00:08:06,720 fluid 327 00:08:06,720 --> 00:08:08,629 fluid and it really doesn't 328 00:08:08,629 --> 00:08:08,639 and it really doesn't 329 00:08:08,639 --> 00:08:10,710 and it really doesn't change whether we have whether we have a 330 00:08:10,710 --> 00:08:10,720 change whether we have whether we have a 331 00:08:10,720 --> 00:08:12,790 change whether we have whether we have a large mass on it or a small mass on it 332 00:08:12,790 --> 00:08:12,800 large mass on it or a small mass on it 333 00:08:12,800 --> 00:08:14,390 large mass on it or a small mass on it the surface tension is the same however 334 00:08:14,390 --> 00:08:14,400 the surface tension is the same however 335 00:08:14,400 --> 00:08:15,589 the surface tension is the same however what you see 336 00:08:15,589 --> 00:08:15,599 what you see 337 00:08:15,599 --> 00:08:17,990 what you see is if i look at an eye dropper and i 338 00:08:17,990 --> 00:08:18,000 is if i look at an eye dropper and i 339 00:08:18,000 --> 00:08:19,749 is if i look at an eye dropper and i squeeze out a little bit of liquid on 340 00:08:19,749 --> 00:08:19,759 squeeze out a little bit of liquid on 341 00:08:19,759 --> 00:08:22,150 squeeze out a little bit of liquid on the ground as that liquid grows it gets 342 00:08:22,150 --> 00:08:22,160 the ground as that liquid grows it gets 343 00:08:22,160 --> 00:08:23,830 the ground as that liquid grows it gets very heavy and as it gets heavy it 344 00:08:23,830 --> 00:08:23,840 very heavy and as it gets heavy it 345 00:08:23,840 --> 00:08:25,510 very heavy and as it gets heavy it elongates the drop and eventually it 346 00:08:25,510 --> 00:08:25,520 elongates the drop and eventually it 347 00:08:25,520 --> 00:08:27,909 elongates the drop and eventually it falls off now the surface engine 348 00:08:27,909 --> 00:08:27,919 falls off now the surface engine 349 00:08:27,919 --> 00:08:29,589 falls off now the surface engine surface tension of that material didn't 350 00:08:29,589 --> 00:08:29,599 surface tension of that material didn't 351 00:08:29,599 --> 00:08:32,149 surface tension of that material didn't change it just became so heavy 352 00:08:32,149 --> 00:08:32,159 change it just became so heavy 353 00:08:32,159 --> 00:08:34,469 change it just became so heavy that the adhesive forces were overcome 354 00:08:34,469 --> 00:08:34,479 that the adhesive forces were overcome 355 00:08:34,479 --> 00:08:36,949 that the adhesive forces were overcome by the cohesive forces excuse me the 356 00:08:36,949 --> 00:08:36,959 by the cohesive forces excuse me the 357 00:08:36,959 --> 00:08:39,670 by the cohesive forces excuse me the cohesive forces were overcome hello the 358 00:08:39,670 --> 00:08:39,680 cohesive forces were overcome hello the 359 00:08:39,680 --> 00:08:41,269 cohesive forces were overcome hello the cohesive and adhesive forces were 360 00:08:41,269 --> 00:08:41,279 cohesive and adhesive forces were 361 00:08:41,279 --> 00:08:42,790 cohesive and adhesive forces were overcome by gravity is what i'm trying 362 00:08:42,790 --> 00:08:42,800 overcome by gravity is what i'm trying 363 00:08:42,800 --> 00:08:45,350 overcome by gravity is what i'm trying to say hope here up here that wouldn't 364 00:08:45,350 --> 00:08:45,360 to say hope here up here that wouldn't 365 00:08:45,360 --> 00:08:46,710 to say hope here up here that wouldn't happen of course and you saw that with 366 00:08:46,710 --> 00:08:46,720 happen of course and you saw that with 367 00:08:46,720 --> 00:08:48,310 happen of course and you saw that with the straw when i squeezed out the orange 368 00:08:48,310 --> 00:08:48,320 the straw when i squeezed out the orange 369 00:08:48,320 --> 00:08:50,070 the straw when i squeezed out the orange juice it just sort of hung there as a 370 00:08:50,070 --> 00:08:50,080 juice it just sort of hung there as a 371 00:08:50,080 --> 00:08:51,350 juice it just sort of hung there as a sphere 372 00:08:51,350 --> 00:08:51,360 sphere 373 00:08:51,360 --> 00:08:53,190 sphere so surface tension really doesn't change 374 00:08:53,190 --> 00:08:53,200 so surface tension really doesn't change 375 00:08:53,200 --> 00:08:55,030 so surface tension really doesn't change it's not broken by mass 376 00:08:55,030 --> 00:08:55,040 it's not broken by mass 377 00:08:55,040 --> 00:08:56,870 it's not broken by mass but you see it looks that way and it 378 00:08:56,870 --> 00:08:56,880 but you see it looks that way and it 379 00:08:56,880 --> 00:08:58,949 but you see it looks that way and it seems that way uh because of your 380 00:08:58,949 --> 00:08:58,959 seems that way uh because of your 381 00:08:58,959 --> 00:09:00,310 seems that way uh because of your observation in the one gravity 382 00:09:00,310 --> 00:09:00,320 observation in the one gravity 383 00:09:00,320 --> 00:09:01,990 observation in the one gravity environment 384 00:09:01,990 --> 00:09:02,000 environment 385 00:09:02,000 --> 00:09:03,269 environment please 386 00:09:03,269 --> 00:09:03,279 please 387 00:09:03,279 --> 00:09:05,110 please hi my name is joella tafani from south 388 00:09:05,110 --> 00:09:05,120 hi my name is joella tafani from south 389 00:09:05,120 --> 00:09:07,030 hi my name is joella tafani from south high my question is is there a 390 00:09:07,030 --> 00:09:07,040 high my question is is there a 391 00:09:07,040 --> 00:09:08,790 high my question is is there a difference in velocity of the spreading 392 00:09:08,790 --> 00:09:08,800 difference in velocity of the spreading 393 00:09:08,800 --> 00:09:14,630 difference in velocity of the spreading pepper in space 394 00:09:14,630 --> 00:09:14,640 395 00:09:14,640 --> 00:09:15,990 well to be honest with you we didn't 396 00:09:15,990 --> 00:09:16,000 well to be honest with you we didn't 397 00:09:16,000 --> 00:09:17,430 well to be honest with you we didn't spread any pepper in space on this 398 00:09:17,430 --> 00:09:17,440 spread any pepper in space on this 399 00:09:17,440 --> 00:09:19,430 spread any pepper in space on this flight at least we haven't yet 400 00:09:19,430 --> 00:09:19,440 flight at least we haven't yet 401 00:09:19,440 --> 00:09:20,310 flight at least we haven't yet but 402 00:09:20,310 --> 00:09:20,320 but 403 00:09:20,320 --> 00:09:22,070 but i would expect that there may be a 404 00:09:22,070 --> 00:09:22,080 i would expect that there may be a 405 00:09:22,080 --> 00:09:23,670 i would expect that there may be a difference in in velocity and the 406 00:09:23,670 --> 00:09:23,680 difference in in velocity and the 407 00:09:23,680 --> 00:09:24,949 difference in in velocity and the difference in velocity wouldn't be 408 00:09:24,949 --> 00:09:24,959 difference in velocity wouldn't be 409 00:09:24,959 --> 00:09:27,110 difference in velocity wouldn't be because of the surface tension effect 410 00:09:27,110 --> 00:09:27,120 because of the surface tension effect 411 00:09:27,120 --> 00:09:28,310 because of the surface tension effect but 412 00:09:28,310 --> 00:09:28,320 but 413 00:09:28,320 --> 00:09:30,230 but because of convective effects 414 00:09:30,230 --> 00:09:30,240 because of convective effects 415 00:09:30,240 --> 00:09:32,230 because of convective effects temperature differences and that's 416 00:09:32,230 --> 00:09:32,240 temperature differences and that's 417 00:09:32,240 --> 00:09:33,990 temperature differences and that's additive so you'd get not only the 418 00:09:33,990 --> 00:09:34,000 additive so you'd get not only the 419 00:09:34,000 --> 00:09:35,670 additive so you'd get not only the surface tension effect but in addition 420 00:09:35,670 --> 00:09:35,680 surface tension effect but in addition 421 00:09:35,680 --> 00:09:37,190 surface tension effect but in addition to that you may get some convective 422 00:09:37,190 --> 00:09:37,200 to that you may get some convective 423 00:09:37,200 --> 00:09:39,670 to that you may get some convective effect so you probably see a difference 424 00:09:39,670 --> 00:09:39,680 effect so you probably see a difference 425 00:09:39,680 --> 00:09:41,670 effect so you probably see a difference in the velocity of the pepper itself 426 00:09:41,670 --> 00:09:41,680 in the velocity of the pepper itself 427 00:09:41,680 --> 00:09:46,310 in the velocity of the pepper itself moving across the surface 428 00:09:46,310 --> 00:09:46,320 429 00:09:46,320 --> 00:09:48,150 can i have another question please we 430 00:09:48,150 --> 00:09:48,160 can i have another question please we 431 00:09:48,160 --> 00:09:49,750 can i have another question please we have one minute left in worcester time 432 00:09:49,750 --> 00:09:49,760 have one minute left in worcester time 433 00:09:49,760 --> 00:09:51,990 have one minute left in worcester time for one last question my reaction 434 00:09:51,990 --> 00:09:52,000 for one last question my reaction 435 00:09:52,000 --> 00:09:53,990 for one last question my reaction there's a reaction would a ball of water 436 00:09:53,990 --> 00:09:54,000 there's a reaction would a ball of water 437 00:09:54,000 --> 00:10:01,430 there's a reaction would a ball of water disperse if you put pepper into it 438 00:10:01,430 --> 00:10:01,440 439 00:10:01,440 --> 00:10:02,949 well we haven't run that experiment 440 00:10:02,949 --> 00:10:02,959 well we haven't run that experiment 441 00:10:02,959 --> 00:10:04,230 well we haven't run that experiment either but i can tell you the answer to 442 00:10:04,230 --> 00:10:04,240 either but i can tell you the answer to 443 00:10:04,240 --> 00:10:05,030 either but i can tell you the answer to that 444 00:10:05,030 --> 00:10:05,040 that 445 00:10:05,040 --> 00:10:06,630 that just like sprinkling 446 00:10:06,630 --> 00:10:06,640 just like sprinkling 447 00:10:06,640 --> 00:10:08,470 just like sprinkling pepper on a liquid surface what you'd 448 00:10:08,470 --> 00:10:08,480 pepper on a liquid surface what you'd 449 00:10:08,480 --> 00:10:10,630 pepper on a liquid surface what you'd see up here is you'd see the pepper just 450 00:10:10,630 --> 00:10:10,640 see up here is you'd see the pepper just 451 00:10:10,640 --> 00:10:12,630 see up here is you'd see the pepper just form around the outside of the sphere of 452 00:10:12,630 --> 00:10:12,640 form around the outside of the sphere of 453 00:10:12,640 --> 00:10:13,750 form around the outside of the sphere of liquid 454 00:10:13,750 --> 00:10:13,760 liquid 455 00:10:13,760 --> 00:10:16,150 liquid and for every action there is a reaction 456 00:10:16,150 --> 00:10:16,160 and for every action there is a reaction 457 00:10:16,160 --> 00:10:17,430 and for every action there is a reaction as the pepper touch the surface of the 458 00:10:17,430 --> 00:10:17,440 as the pepper touch the surface of the 459 00:10:17,440 --> 00:10:19,110 as the pepper touch the surface of the liquid the liquid would touch back with 460 00:10:19,110 --> 00:10:19,120 liquid the liquid would touch back with 461 00:10:19,120 --> 00:10:21,269 liquid the liquid would touch back with exactly the same force but what you'd 462 00:10:21,269 --> 00:10:21,279 exactly the same force but what you'd 463 00:10:21,279 --> 00:10:24,230 exactly the same force but what you'd see is because of surface tension that 464 00:10:24,230 --> 00:10:24,240 see is because of surface tension that 465 00:10:24,240 --> 00:10:26,389 see is because of surface tension that pepper would just adhere to the outside 466 00:10:26,389 --> 00:10:26,399 pepper would just adhere to the outside 467 00:10:26,399 --> 00:10:27,990 pepper would just adhere to the outside of the drop 468 00:10:27,990 --> 00:10:28,000 of the drop 469 00:10:28,000 --> 00:10:29,590 of the drop and it would form all the way around the 470 00:10:29,590 --> 00:10:29,600 and it would form all the way around the 471 00:10:29,600 --> 00:10:31,430 and it would form all the way around the drop you'd see a uniform distribution of 472 00:10:31,430 --> 00:10:31,440 drop you'd see a uniform distribution of 473 00:10:31,440 --> 00:10:34,389 drop you'd see a uniform distribution of pepper all the way around the drop 474 00:10:34,389 --> 00:10:34,399 pepper all the way around the drop 475 00:10:34,399 --> 00:10:37,030 pepper all the way around the drop hi my name is prubali chakraborty and 476 00:10:37,030 --> 00:10:37,040 hi my name is prubali chakraborty and 477 00:10:37,040 --> 00:10:39,269 hi my name is prubali chakraborty and can fiber supported drop combustion be 478 00:10:39,269 --> 00:10:39,279 can fiber supported drop combustion be 479 00:10:39,279 --> 00:10:41,030 can fiber supported drop combustion be used in the shuttle's engines to make 480 00:10:41,030 --> 00:10:41,040 used in the shuttle's engines to make 481 00:10:41,040 --> 00:10:43,430 used in the shuttle's engines to make maneuvering simpler and are there any 482 00:10:43,430 --> 00:10:43,440 maneuvering simpler and are there any 483 00:10:43,440 --> 00:10:47,590 maneuvering simpler and are there any real-life applications 484 00:10:47,590 --> 00:10:47,600 485 00:10:47,600 --> 00:10:49,110 yeah that's a good question too and i 486 00:10:49,110 --> 00:10:49,120 yeah that's a good question too and i 487 00:10:49,120 --> 00:10:51,829 yeah that's a good question too and i have a navy aviator here and a fighter 488 00:10:51,829 --> 00:10:51,839 have a navy aviator here and a fighter 489 00:10:51,839 --> 00:10:53,350 have a navy aviator here and a fighter pilot that's going to answer that for us 490 00:10:53,350 --> 00:10:53,360 pilot that's going to answer that for us 491 00:10:53,360 --> 00:10:55,269 pilot that's going to answer that for us and also the pilot of the shuttle so 492 00:10:55,269 --> 00:10:55,279 and also the pilot of the shuttle so 493 00:10:55,279 --> 00:10:58,389 and also the pilot of the shuttle so this is kent 494 00:10:58,389 --> 00:10:58,399 495 00:10:58,399 --> 00:10:59,990 thanks sally that's a great question and 496 00:10:59,990 --> 00:11:00,000 thanks sally that's a great question and 497 00:11:00,000 --> 00:11:01,829 thanks sally that's a great question and the answer is maybe that can help us 498 00:11:01,829 --> 00:11:01,839 the answer is maybe that can help us 499 00:11:01,839 --> 00:11:04,389 the answer is maybe that can help us maneuver the shuttle 500 00:11:04,389 --> 00:11:04,399 maneuver the shuttle 501 00:11:04,399 --> 00:11:06,310 maneuver the shuttle the uh and also in real line 502 00:11:06,310 --> 00:11:06,320 the uh and also in real line 503 00:11:06,320 --> 00:11:08,389 the uh and also in real line applications there are many i'll start 504 00:11:08,389 --> 00:11:08,399 applications there are many i'll start 505 00:11:08,399 --> 00:11:09,910 applications there are many i'll start out by saying as well as the shuttle 506 00:11:09,910 --> 00:11:09,920 out by saying as well as the shuttle 507 00:11:09,920 --> 00:11:11,750 out by saying as well as the shuttle from having better combustion and the 508 00:11:11,750 --> 00:11:11,760 from having better combustion and the 509 00:11:11,760 --> 00:11:13,670 from having better combustion and the f-14 i used to fly as well as the car 510 00:11:13,670 --> 00:11:13,680 f-14 i used to fly as well as the car 511 00:11:13,680 --> 00:11:15,350 f-14 i used to fly as well as the car that people drive even the heater and 512 00:11:15,350 --> 00:11:15,360 that people drive even the heater and 513 00:11:15,360 --> 00:11:17,269 that people drive even the heater and water heater in your home it can help 514 00:11:17,269 --> 00:11:17,279 water heater in your home it can help 515 00:11:17,279 --> 00:11:19,190 water heater in your home it can help them be much more efficient and the 516 00:11:19,190 --> 00:11:19,200 them be much more efficient and the 517 00:11:19,200 --> 00:11:20,310 them be much more efficient and the reason we study that up here in 518 00:11:20,310 --> 00:11:20,320 reason we study that up here in 519 00:11:20,320 --> 00:11:22,389 reason we study that up here in microgravity is without the influence of 520 00:11:22,389 --> 00:11:22,399 microgravity is without the influence of 521 00:11:22,399 --> 00:11:25,350 microgravity is without the influence of gravity and without convection 522 00:11:25,350 --> 00:11:25,360 gravity and without convection 523 00:11:25,360 --> 00:11:27,350 gravity and without convection the burning is much more even in a 524 00:11:27,350 --> 00:11:27,360 the burning is much more even in a 525 00:11:27,360 --> 00:11:29,829 the burning is much more even in a sphere and it burns more slowly so we 526 00:11:29,829 --> 00:11:29,839 sphere and it burns more slowly so we 527 00:11:29,839 --> 00:11:32,069 sphere and it burns more slowly so we can control it and much better analyze 528 00:11:32,069 --> 00:11:32,079 can control it and much better analyze 529 00:11:32,079 --> 00:11:33,990 can control it and much better analyze it and hopefully come up with more 530 00:11:33,990 --> 00:11:34,000 it and hopefully come up with more 531 00:11:34,000 --> 00:11:36,870 it and hopefully come up with more efficient combustion processes and fuels 532 00:11:36,870 --> 00:11:36,880 efficient combustion processes and fuels 533 00:11:36,880 --> 00:11:38,470 efficient combustion processes and fuels and additionally that would also result 534 00:11:38,470 --> 00:11:38,480 and additionally that would also result 535 00:11:38,480 --> 00:11:40,630 and additionally that would also result in less pollutants so it would help the 536 00:11:40,630 --> 00:11:40,640 in less pollutants so it would help the 537 00:11:40,640 --> 00:11:42,550 in less pollutants so it would help the environment also 538 00:11:42,550 --> 00:11:42,560 environment also 539 00:11:42,560 --> 00:11:44,710 environment also next question 540 00:11:44,710 --> 00:11:44,720 next question 541 00:11:44,720 --> 00:11:46,870 next question hello my name is jill feckler 542 00:11:46,870 --> 00:11:46,880 hello my name is jill feckler 543 00:11:46,880 --> 00:11:48,550 hello my name is jill feckler do different flammable liquids form 544 00:11:48,550 --> 00:11:48,560 do different flammable liquids form 545 00:11:48,560 --> 00:11:50,069 do different flammable liquids form different shapes when they burn and are 546 00:11:50,069 --> 00:11:50,079 different shapes when they burn and are 547 00:11:50,079 --> 00:11:51,509 different shapes when they burn and are the materials you're using different 548 00:11:51,509 --> 00:11:51,519 the materials you're using different 549 00:11:51,519 --> 00:12:02,629 the materials you're using different from ours 550 00:12:02,629 --> 00:12:02,639 551 00:12:02,639 --> 00:12:04,310 that's a good question as i understand 552 00:12:04,310 --> 00:12:04,320 that's a good question as i understand 553 00:12:04,320 --> 00:12:06,389 that's a good question as i understand the materials that you are using are 554 00:12:06,389 --> 00:12:06,399 the materials that you are using are 555 00:12:06,399 --> 00:12:08,069 the materials that you are using are petroleum distillate which is a mixture 556 00:12:08,069 --> 00:12:08,079 petroleum distillate which is a mixture 557 00:12:08,079 --> 00:12:09,509 petroleum distillate which is a mixture of all different kinds of petroleum 558 00:12:09,509 --> 00:12:09,519 of all different kinds of petroleum 559 00:12:09,519 --> 00:12:12,310 of all different kinds of petroleum products we're trying some pure 560 00:12:12,310 --> 00:12:12,320 products we're trying some pure 561 00:12:12,320 --> 00:12:14,550 products we're trying some pure fuels up here or very simple mixtures 562 00:12:14,550 --> 00:12:14,560 fuels up here or very simple mixtures 563 00:12:14,560 --> 00:12:16,550 fuels up here or very simple mixtures we're using some methanol and water and 564 00:12:16,550 --> 00:12:16,560 we're using some methanol and water and 565 00:12:16,560 --> 00:12:18,470 we're using some methanol and water and a few other mixtures and 566 00:12:18,470 --> 00:12:18,480 a few other mixtures and 567 00:12:18,480 --> 00:12:20,310 a few other mixtures and because they are liquids they form a 568 00:12:20,310 --> 00:12:20,320 because they are liquids they form a 569 00:12:20,320 --> 00:12:21,269 because they are liquids they form a sphere 570 00:12:21,269 --> 00:12:21,279 sphere 571 00:12:21,279 --> 00:12:22,710 sphere here in space 572 00:12:22,710 --> 00:12:22,720 here in space 573 00:12:22,720 --> 00:12:23,829 here in space just like the orange juice you saw 574 00:12:23,829 --> 00:12:23,839 just like the orange juice you saw 575 00:12:23,839 --> 00:12:26,310 just like the orange juice you saw floating around but we don't want these 576 00:12:26,310 --> 00:12:26,320 floating around but we don't want these 577 00:12:26,320 --> 00:12:27,750 floating around but we don't want these burning droplets floating around the 578 00:12:27,750 --> 00:12:27,760 burning droplets floating around the 579 00:12:27,760 --> 00:12:29,750 burning droplets floating around the space lab so we can find them by putting 580 00:12:29,750 --> 00:12:29,760 space lab so we can find them by putting 581 00:12:29,760 --> 00:12:31,190 space lab so we can find them by putting them on a fiber 582 00:12:31,190 --> 00:12:31,200 them on a fiber 583 00:12:31,200 --> 00:12:33,990 them on a fiber so there are spherical drops on a fiber 584 00:12:33,990 --> 00:12:34,000 so there are spherical drops on a fiber 585 00:12:34,000 --> 00:12:35,750 so there are spherical drops on a fiber the different materials often the same 586 00:12:35,750 --> 00:12:35,760 the different materials often the same 587 00:12:35,760 --> 00:12:38,389 the different materials often the same shape however the the combustion of the 588 00:12:38,389 --> 00:12:38,399 shape however the the combustion of the 589 00:12:38,399 --> 00:12:39,990 shape however the the combustion of the different materials is significantly 590 00:12:39,990 --> 00:12:40,000 different materials is significantly 591 00:12:40,000 --> 00:12:41,910 different materials is significantly different the methanol was burning with 592 00:12:41,910 --> 00:12:41,920 different the methanol was burning with 593 00:12:41,920 --> 00:12:44,870 different the methanol was burning with a very very faint blue shell of flame 594 00:12:44,870 --> 00:12:44,880 a very very faint blue shell of flame 595 00:12:44,880 --> 00:12:46,069 a very very faint blue shell of flame and some of the other products were 596 00:12:46,069 --> 00:12:46,079 and some of the other products were 597 00:12:46,079 --> 00:12:48,470 and some of the other products were burning with yellow or several or blue 598 00:12:48,470 --> 00:12:48,480 burning with yellow or several or blue 599 00:12:48,480 --> 00:12:50,829 burning with yellow or several or blue and yellow alternating kind of 600 00:12:50,829 --> 00:12:50,839 and yellow alternating kind of 601 00:12:50,839 --> 00:12:53,990 and yellow alternating kind of flames you have another question 602 00:12:53,990 --> 00:12:54,000 flames you have another question 603 00:12:54,000 --> 00:12:56,069 flames you have another question yes my name is jessica huddy 604 00:12:56,069 --> 00:12:56,079 yes my name is jessica huddy 605 00:12:56,079 --> 00:12:58,069 yes my name is jessica huddy did your flames move around or vary in 606 00:12:58,069 --> 00:12:58,079 did your flames move around or vary in 607 00:12:58,079 --> 00:13:00,069 did your flames move around or vary in size and shape due to air currents and 608 00:13:00,069 --> 00:13:00,079 size and shape due to air currents and 609 00:13:00,079 --> 00:13:01,590 size and shape due to air currents and do the flames produce any visible 610 00:13:01,590 --> 00:13:01,600 do the flames produce any visible 611 00:13:01,600 --> 00:13:13,269 do the flames produce any visible products such as smoke 612 00:13:13,269 --> 00:13:13,279 613 00:13:13,279 --> 00:13:14,470 that's a very good question that some of 614 00:13:14,470 --> 00:13:14,480 that's a very good question that some of 615 00:13:14,480 --> 00:13:16,069 that's a very good question that some of the things that we're trying to explore 616 00:13:16,069 --> 00:13:16,079 the things that we're trying to explore 617 00:13:16,079 --> 00:13:18,069 the things that we're trying to explore up here we have done some of the burns 618 00:13:18,069 --> 00:13:18,079 up here we have done some of the burns 619 00:13:18,079 --> 00:13:19,590 up here we have done some of the burns without air currents and we get a 620 00:13:19,590 --> 00:13:19,600 without air currents and we get a 621 00:13:19,600 --> 00:13:22,150 without air currents and we get a completely spherical shell of flame 622 00:13:22,150 --> 00:13:22,160 completely spherical shell of flame 623 00:13:22,160 --> 00:13:23,590 completely spherical shell of flame and others we have done with air 624 00:13:23,590 --> 00:13:23,600 and others we have done with air 625 00:13:23,600 --> 00:13:25,910 and others we have done with air currents and we get a teardrop shape 626 00:13:25,910 --> 00:13:25,920 currents and we get a teardrop shape 627 00:13:25,920 --> 00:13:28,389 currents and we get a teardrop shape where the the combustion products and 628 00:13:28,389 --> 00:13:28,399 where the the combustion products and 629 00:13:28,399 --> 00:13:30,550 where the the combustion products and the vapors that are burning are moving 630 00:13:30,550 --> 00:13:30,560 the vapors that are burning are moving 631 00:13:30,560 --> 00:13:32,470 the vapors that are burning are moving along with the air currents it also 632 00:13:32,470 --> 00:13:32,480 along with the air currents it also 633 00:13:32,480 --> 00:13:34,310 along with the air currents it also changes the color of the flame because 634 00:13:34,310 --> 00:13:34,320 changes the color of the flame because 635 00:13:34,320 --> 00:13:35,829 changes the color of the flame because with air currents we're feeding more 636 00:13:35,829 --> 00:13:35,839 with air currents we're feeding more 637 00:13:35,839 --> 00:13:37,110 with air currents we're feeding more oxygen 638 00:13:37,110 --> 00:13:37,120 oxygen 639 00:13:37,120 --> 00:13:38,150 oxygen to the 640 00:13:38,150 --> 00:13:38,160 to the 641 00:13:38,160 --> 00:13:39,110 to the to the 642 00:13:39,110 --> 00:13:39,120 to the 643 00:13:39,120 --> 00:13:40,470 to the ball of fire 644 00:13:40,470 --> 00:13:40,480 ball of fire 645 00:13:40,480 --> 00:13:42,310 ball of fire and uh other when we're not having air 646 00:13:42,310 --> 00:13:42,320 and uh other when we're not having air 647 00:13:42,320 --> 00:13:45,189 and uh other when we're not having air flow it's uh the oxygen has to diffuse 648 00:13:45,189 --> 00:13:45,199 flow it's uh the oxygen has to diffuse 649 00:13:45,199 --> 00:13:46,870 flow it's uh the oxygen has to diffuse into the combustion zone so it's a 650 00:13:46,870 --> 00:13:46,880 into the combustion zone so it's a 651 00:13:46,880 --> 00:13:48,790 into the combustion zone so it's a little bit slower burning process 652 00:13:48,790 --> 00:13:48,800 little bit slower burning process 653 00:13:48,800 --> 00:13:51,269 little bit slower burning process also burns bluer whereas we have airflow 654 00:13:51,269 --> 00:13:51,279 also burns bluer whereas we have airflow 655 00:13:51,279 --> 00:13:55,350 also burns bluer whereas we have airflow we have a little bit of a yellow color 656 00:13:55,350 --> 00:13:55,360 657 00:13:55,360 --> 00:13:57,430 my name is ray marquette 658 00:13:57,430 --> 00:13:57,440 my name is ray marquette 659 00:13:57,440 --> 00:13:59,189 my name is ray marquette what percentage of times did you get a 660 00:13:59,189 --> 00:13:59,199 what percentage of times did you get a 661 00:13:59,199 --> 00:14:01,590 what percentage of times did you get a good flame and how long on average did 662 00:14:01,590 --> 00:14:01,600 good flame and how long on average did 663 00:14:01,600 --> 00:14:06,230 good flame and how long on average did your flames last 664 00:14:06,230 --> 00:14:06,240 665 00:14:06,240 --> 00:14:07,430 we've had a little bit of trouble 666 00:14:07,430 --> 00:14:07,440 we've had a little bit of trouble 667 00:14:07,440 --> 00:14:09,750 we've had a little bit of trouble getting the droplets deployed on the 668 00:14:09,750 --> 00:14:09,760 getting the droplets deployed on the 669 00:14:09,760 --> 00:14:12,150 getting the droplets deployed on the fiber but once we get them on the fiber 670 00:14:12,150 --> 00:14:12,160 fiber but once we get them on the fiber 671 00:14:12,160 --> 00:14:15,509 fiber but once we get them on the fiber we get ignition every time 672 00:14:15,509 --> 00:14:15,519 we get ignition every time 673 00:14:15,519 --> 00:14:17,910 we get ignition every time and uh we it burns from uh on the 674 00:14:17,910 --> 00:14:17,920 and uh we it burns from uh on the 675 00:14:17,920 --> 00:14:19,430 and uh we it burns from uh on the average of five or six seconds for a 676 00:14:19,430 --> 00:14:19,440 average of five or six seconds for a 677 00:14:19,440 --> 00:14:21,350 average of five or six seconds for a small drop to a five millimeter drop was 678 00:14:21,350 --> 00:14:21,360 small drop to a five millimeter drop was 679 00:14:21,360 --> 00:14:23,509 small drop to a five millimeter drop was going as long as 25 or 30 seconds which 680 00:14:23,509 --> 00:14:23,519 going as long as 25 or 30 seconds which 681 00:14:23,519 --> 00:14:25,189 going as long as 25 or 30 seconds which is a lot longer burn time than you're 682 00:14:25,189 --> 00:14:25,199 is a lot longer burn time than you're 683 00:14:25,199 --> 00:14:26,150 is a lot longer burn time than you're getting on the ground with your 684 00:14:26,150 --> 00:14:26,160 getting on the ground with your 685 00:14:26,160 --> 00:14:29,670 getting on the ground with your experiment 686 00:14:29,670 --> 00:14:29,680 687 00:14:29,680 --> 00:14:32,310 hi my name is geralyn waters 688 00:14:32,310 --> 00:14:32,320 hi my name is geralyn waters 689 00:14:32,320 --> 00:14:34,470 hi my name is geralyn waters and my question is do you think anything 690 00:14:34,470 --> 00:14:34,480 and my question is do you think anything 691 00:14:34,480 --> 00:14:36,230 and my question is do you think anything besides the difference in graphic 692 00:14:36,230 --> 00:14:36,240 besides the difference in graphic 693 00:14:36,240 --> 00:14:45,990 besides the difference in graphic gravity could cause the flames to differ 694 00:14:45,990 --> 00:14:46,000 695 00:14:46,000 --> 00:14:48,069 gravity has a lot of effects on the 696 00:14:48,069 --> 00:14:48,079 gravity has a lot of effects on the 697 00:14:48,079 --> 00:14:50,629 gravity has a lot of effects on the on this experiment and yours 698 00:14:50,629 --> 00:14:50,639 on this experiment and yours 699 00:14:50,639 --> 00:14:52,310 on this experiment and yours in your experiment you're burning a tear 700 00:14:52,310 --> 00:14:52,320 in your experiment you're burning a tear 701 00:14:52,320 --> 00:14:54,629 in your experiment you're burning a tear drape teardrop shaped 702 00:14:54,629 --> 00:14:54,639 drape teardrop shaped 703 00:14:54,639 --> 00:14:56,949 drape teardrop shaped fuel because gravity is pulling it down 704 00:14:56,949 --> 00:14:56,959 fuel because gravity is pulling it down 705 00:14:56,959 --> 00:14:59,189 fuel because gravity is pulling it down here we start out with a spherical drop 706 00:14:59,189 --> 00:14:59,199 here we start out with a spherical drop 707 00:14:59,199 --> 00:15:02,550 here we start out with a spherical drop of fuel and also because of convection 708 00:15:02,550 --> 00:15:02,560 of fuel and also because of convection 709 00:15:02,560 --> 00:15:04,710 of fuel and also because of convection which is another effect of gravity the 710 00:15:04,710 --> 00:15:04,720 which is another effect of gravity the 711 00:15:04,720 --> 00:15:06,230 which is another effect of gravity the combustion products and actually the 712 00:15:06,230 --> 00:15:06,240 combustion products and actually the 713 00:15:06,240 --> 00:15:07,990 combustion products and actually the vapors that are burning are rising in 714 00:15:07,990 --> 00:15:08,000 vapors that are burning are rising in 715 00:15:08,000 --> 00:15:09,910 vapors that are burning are rising in your experiment and oxygen continues to 716 00:15:09,910 --> 00:15:09,920 your experiment and oxygen continues to 717 00:15:09,920 --> 00:15:11,829 your experiment and oxygen continues to be supplied from the bottom here we 718 00:15:11,829 --> 00:15:11,839 be supplied from the bottom here we 719 00:15:11,839 --> 00:15:13,750 be supplied from the bottom here we don't have that so we're looking at 720 00:15:13,750 --> 00:15:13,760 don't have that so we're looking at 721 00:15:13,760 --> 00:15:16,310 don't have that so we're looking at diffusion of oxygen into the flame front 722 00:15:16,310 --> 00:15:16,320 diffusion of oxygen into the flame front 723 00:15:16,320 --> 00:15:18,790 diffusion of oxygen into the flame front to continue to feed it which is a little 724 00:15:18,790 --> 00:15:18,800 to continue to feed it which is a little 725 00:15:18,800 --> 00:15:20,069 to continue to feed it which is a little bit different than what you're doing so 726 00:15:20,069 --> 00:15:20,079 bit different than what you're doing so 727 00:15:20,079 --> 00:15:21,750 bit different than what you're doing so gravity is certainly the major effect up 728 00:15:21,750 --> 00:15:21,760 gravity is certainly the major effect up 729 00:15:21,760 --> 00:15:23,430 gravity is certainly the major effect up here the lack of gravity is the 730 00:15:23,430 --> 00:15:23,440 here the lack of gravity is the 731 00:15:23,440 --> 00:15:24,710 here the lack of gravity is the difference in what we're doing and what 732 00:15:24,710 --> 00:15:24,720 difference in what we're doing and what 733 00:15:24,720 --> 00:15:27,430 difference in what we're doing and what you're doing down there 734 00:15:27,430 --> 00:15:27,440 you're doing down there 735 00:15:27,440 --> 00:15:29,430 you're doing down there my name is jared shooter 736 00:15:29,430 --> 00:15:29,440 my name is jared shooter 737 00:15:29,440 --> 00:15:30,949 my name is jared shooter do you have to replace the filament 738 00:15:30,949 --> 00:15:30,959 do you have to replace the filament 739 00:15:30,959 --> 00:15:41,350 do you have to replace the filament after each time that you burn the fluid 740 00:15:41,350 --> 00:15:41,360 741 00:15:41,360 --> 00:15:43,509 you know another good question that's uh 742 00:15:43,509 --> 00:15:43,519 you know another good question that's uh 743 00:15:43,519 --> 00:15:45,030 you know another good question that's uh we didn't replace the filament every 744 00:15:45,030 --> 00:15:45,040 we didn't replace the filament every 745 00:15:45,040 --> 00:15:47,430 we didn't replace the filament every time but we do replace it periodically 746 00:15:47,430 --> 00:15:47,440 time but we do replace it periodically 747 00:15:47,440 --> 00:15:48,790 time but we do replace it periodically and one of the reasons for that is we 748 00:15:48,790 --> 00:15:48,800 and one of the reasons for that is we 749 00:15:48,800 --> 00:15:51,269 and one of the reasons for that is we get foot deposits we had carbon deposits 750 00:15:51,269 --> 00:15:51,279 get foot deposits we had carbon deposits 751 00:15:51,279 --> 00:15:53,269 get foot deposits we had carbon deposits high molecular weight carbon materials 752 00:15:53,269 --> 00:15:53,279 high molecular weight carbon materials 753 00:15:53,279 --> 00:15:55,110 high molecular weight carbon materials and what do they do they change the 754 00:15:55,110 --> 00:15:55,120 and what do they do they change the 755 00:15:55,120 --> 00:15:56,710 and what do they do they change the surface tension of the liquid and how it 756 00:15:56,710 --> 00:15:56,720 surface tension of the liquid and how it 757 00:15:56,720 --> 00:15:58,790 surface tension of the liquid and how it interacts with the solid itself that can 758 00:15:58,790 --> 00:15:58,800 interacts with the solid itself that can 759 00:15:58,800 --> 00:16:00,710 interacts with the solid itself that can result in a variety of different things 760 00:16:00,710 --> 00:16:00,720 result in a variety of different things 761 00:16:00,720 --> 00:16:02,870 result in a variety of different things not the least of which is the drop 762 00:16:02,870 --> 00:16:02,880 not the least of which is the drop 763 00:16:02,880 --> 00:16:05,110 not the least of which is the drop moving along the filament itself in 764 00:16:05,110 --> 00:16:05,120 moving along the filament itself in 765 00:16:05,120 --> 00:16:06,949 moving along the filament itself in addition to that it can change the heat 766 00:16:06,949 --> 00:16:06,959 addition to that it can change the heat 767 00:16:06,959 --> 00:16:09,189 addition to that it can change the heat transfer rate how heat is leaving the 768 00:16:09,189 --> 00:16:09,199 transfer rate how heat is leaving the 769 00:16:09,199 --> 00:16:11,030 transfer rate how heat is leaving the filament which affects the studies that 770 00:16:11,030 --> 00:16:11,040 filament which affects the studies that 771 00:16:11,040 --> 00:16:12,230 filament which affects the studies that we're looking at 772 00:16:12,230 --> 00:16:12,240 we're looking at 773 00:16:12,240 --> 00:16:13,829 we're looking at so we don't replace it all the time but 774 00:16:13,829 --> 00:16:13,839 so we don't replace it all the time but 775 00:16:13,839 --> 00:16:15,189 so we don't replace it all the time but if it looks like it's getting a little 776 00:16:15,189 --> 00:16:15,199 if it looks like it's getting a little 777 00:16:15,199 --> 00:16:18,389 if it looks like it's getting a little then we do in fact replace it 778 00:16:18,389 --> 00:16:18,399 then we do in fact replace it 779 00:16:18,399 --> 00:16:20,710 then we do in fact replace it my name is kate gehart does the type of 780 00:16:20,710 --> 00:16:20,720 my name is kate gehart does the type of 781 00:16:20,720 --> 00:16:22,470 my name is kate gehart does the type of filament have an effect on the result of 782 00:16:22,470 --> 00:16:22,480 filament have an effect on the result of 783 00:16:22,480 --> 00:16:30,069 filament have an effect on the result of the experiment 784 00:16:30,069 --> 00:16:30,079 785 00:16:30,079 --> 00:16:32,310 yeah very much and that's another 786 00:16:32,310 --> 00:16:32,320 yeah very much and that's another 787 00:16:32,320 --> 00:16:33,990 yeah very much and that's another very interesting question because one of 788 00:16:33,990 --> 00:16:34,000 very interesting question because one of 789 00:16:34,000 --> 00:16:36,150 very interesting question because one of the things that we're looking at is is 790 00:16:36,150 --> 00:16:36,160 the things that we're looking at is is 791 00:16:36,160 --> 00:16:37,829 the things that we're looking at is is all the different heat transfer and mass 792 00:16:37,829 --> 00:16:37,839 all the different heat transfer and mass 793 00:16:37,839 --> 00:16:39,910 all the different heat transfer and mass transfer effects how oxygen comes into 794 00:16:39,910 --> 00:16:39,920 transfer effects how oxygen comes into 795 00:16:39,920 --> 00:16:41,990 transfer effects how oxygen comes into the flame and that light blue flame that 796 00:16:41,990 --> 00:16:42,000 the flame and that light blue flame that 797 00:16:42,000 --> 00:16:43,509 the flame and that light blue flame that we see as a result of what we call a 798 00:16:43,509 --> 00:16:43,519 we see as a result of what we call a 799 00:16:43,519 --> 00:16:46,069 we see as a result of what we call a diffusive flame oxygen is not convecting 800 00:16:46,069 --> 00:16:46,079 diffusive flame oxygen is not convecting 801 00:16:46,079 --> 00:16:47,670 diffusive flame oxygen is not convecting ends not being brought in by other 802 00:16:47,670 --> 00:16:47,680 ends not being brought in by other 803 00:16:47,680 --> 00:16:49,990 ends not being brought in by other molecules as a group but coming in 804 00:16:49,990 --> 00:16:50,000 molecules as a group but coming in 805 00:16:50,000 --> 00:16:52,389 molecules as a group but coming in individually it's a diffusive flame 806 00:16:52,389 --> 00:16:52,399 individually it's a diffusive flame 807 00:16:52,399 --> 00:16:53,829 individually it's a diffusive flame how the heat is taken out of the 808 00:16:53,829 --> 00:16:53,839 how the heat is taken out of the 809 00:16:53,839 --> 00:16:55,910 how the heat is taken out of the filament is very important because some 810 00:16:55,910 --> 00:16:55,920 filament is very important because some 811 00:16:55,920 --> 00:16:57,509 filament is very important because some of the heat is being conducted down the 812 00:16:57,509 --> 00:16:57,519 of the heat is being conducted down the 813 00:16:57,519 --> 00:16:59,509 of the heat is being conducted down the filament so if we change that material 814 00:16:59,509 --> 00:16:59,519 filament so if we change that material 815 00:16:59,519 --> 00:17:01,110 filament so if we change that material we can change it from a metal which is 816 00:17:01,110 --> 00:17:01,120 we can change it from a metal which is 817 00:17:01,120 --> 00:17:02,550 we can change it from a metal which is very conductive 818 00:17:02,550 --> 00:17:02,560 very conductive 819 00:17:02,560 --> 00:17:04,309 very conductive to a ceramic which we're using up here 820 00:17:04,309 --> 00:17:04,319 to a ceramic which we're using up here 821 00:17:04,319 --> 00:17:06,069 to a ceramic which we're using up here which is a little bit less conductive 822 00:17:06,069 --> 00:17:06,079 which is a little bit less conductive 823 00:17:06,079 --> 00:17:08,470 which is a little bit less conductive and that changes the entire burning rate 824 00:17:08,470 --> 00:17:08,480 and that changes the entire burning rate 825 00:17:08,480 --> 00:17:09,990 and that changes the entire burning rate of the film 826 00:17:09,990 --> 00:17:10,000 of the film 827 00:17:10,000 --> 00:17:11,990 of the film of the flame excuse me 828 00:17:11,990 --> 00:17:12,000 of the flame excuse me 829 00:17:12,000 --> 00:17:14,710 of the flame excuse me and changes what we see in the dynamics 830 00:17:14,710 --> 00:17:14,720 and changes what we see in the dynamics 831 00:17:14,720 --> 00:17:16,949 and changes what we see in the dynamics of the flame itself so the material the 832 00:17:16,949 --> 00:17:16,959 of the flame itself so the material the 833 00:17:16,959 --> 00:17:19,510 of the flame itself so the material the thickness of that material are very very 834 00:17:19,510 --> 00:17:19,520 thickness of that material are very very 835 00:17:19,520 --> 00:17:21,350 thickness of that material are very very important it's also important in 836 00:17:21,350 --> 00:17:21,360 important it's also important in 837 00:17:21,360 --> 00:17:23,750 important it's also important in microgravity to make sure again the 838 00:17:23,750 --> 00:17:23,760 microgravity to make sure again the 839 00:17:23,760 --> 00:17:25,669 microgravity to make sure again the liquid and the solid are compatible in 840 00:17:25,669 --> 00:17:25,679 liquid and the solid are compatible in 841 00:17:25,679 --> 00:17:28,390 liquid and the solid are compatible in the sense that the liquid to a certain 842 00:17:28,390 --> 00:17:28,400 the sense that the liquid to a certain 843 00:17:28,400 --> 00:17:31,669 the sense that the liquid to a certain extent but not too much what's the solid 844 00:17:31,669 --> 00:17:31,679 extent but not too much what's the solid 845 00:17:31,679 --> 00:17:33,110 extent but not too much what's the solid in other words we don't want it to like 846 00:17:33,110 --> 00:17:33,120 in other words we don't want it to like 847 00:17:33,120 --> 00:17:34,789 in other words we don't want it to like to solid too much so it won't maintain 848 00:17:34,789 --> 00:17:34,799 to solid too much so it won't maintain 849 00:17:34,799 --> 00:17:36,870 to solid too much so it won't maintain its sphericity but we'll spread along 850 00:17:36,870 --> 00:17:36,880 its sphericity but we'll spread along 851 00:17:36,880 --> 00:17:38,710 its sphericity but we'll spread along the filament but we do want it to 852 00:17:38,710 --> 00:17:38,720 the filament but we do want it to 853 00:17:38,720 --> 00:17:40,630 the filament but we do want it to maintain its contact with the filament 854 00:17:40,630 --> 00:17:40,640 maintain its contact with the filament 855 00:17:40,640 --> 00:17:42,150 maintain its contact with the filament we need to light the filament a little 856 00:17:42,150 --> 00:17:42,160 we need to light the filament a little 857 00:17:42,160 --> 00:17:44,390 we need to light the filament a little bit 858 00:17:44,390 --> 00:17:44,400 859 00:17:44,400 --> 00:17:47,029 hello my name is ann johnsy my question 860 00:17:47,029 --> 00:17:47,039 hello my name is ann johnsy my question 861 00:17:47,039 --> 00:17:49,350 hello my name is ann johnsy my question is is the flame isolated to the coil of 862 00:17:49,350 --> 00:17:49,360 is is the flame isolated to the coil of 863 00:17:49,360 --> 00:17:51,350 is is the flame isolated to the coil of the filament or does it move away from 864 00:17:51,350 --> 00:17:51,360 the filament or does it move away from 865 00:17:51,360 --> 00:17:53,110 the filament or does it move away from the filament so just the fluid is 866 00:17:53,110 --> 00:17:53,120 the filament so just the fluid is 867 00:17:53,120 --> 00:18:05,270 the filament so just the fluid is burning 868 00:18:05,270 --> 00:18:05,280 869 00:18:05,280 --> 00:18:07,110 well first again we're not using a coil 870 00:18:07,110 --> 00:18:07,120 well first again we're not using a coil 871 00:18:07,120 --> 00:18:09,830 well first again we're not using a coil up here we're using a uh filament just a 872 00:18:09,830 --> 00:18:09,840 up here we're using a uh filament just a 873 00:18:09,840 --> 00:18:11,990 up here we're using a uh filament just a straight line 874 00:18:11,990 --> 00:18:12,000 straight line 875 00:18:12,000 --> 00:18:14,630 straight line material straight string 876 00:18:14,630 --> 00:18:14,640 material straight string 877 00:18:14,640 --> 00:18:15,430 material straight string but 878 00:18:15,430 --> 00:18:15,440 but 879 00:18:15,440 --> 00:18:16,390 but you should 880 00:18:16,390 --> 00:18:16,400 you should 881 00:18:16,400 --> 00:18:18,070 you should you probably remember from studying this 882 00:18:18,070 --> 00:18:18,080 you probably remember from studying this 883 00:18:18,080 --> 00:18:19,830 you probably remember from studying this that in fact the liquid is not burning 884 00:18:19,830 --> 00:18:19,840 that in fact the liquid is not burning 885 00:18:19,840 --> 00:18:21,110 that in fact the liquid is not burning but the vapors from the liquid are 886 00:18:21,110 --> 00:18:21,120 but the vapors from the liquid are 887 00:18:21,120 --> 00:18:23,110 but the vapors from the liquid are burning and that's what we see as well 888 00:18:23,110 --> 00:18:23,120 burning and that's what we see as well 889 00:18:23,120 --> 00:18:25,990 burning and that's what we see as well we see a shallow or a halo of burning 890 00:18:25,990 --> 00:18:26,000 we see a shallow or a halo of burning 891 00:18:26,000 --> 00:18:27,830 we see a shallow or a halo of burning material that's displaced slightly from 892 00:18:27,830 --> 00:18:27,840 material that's displaced slightly from 893 00:18:27,840 --> 00:18:29,830 material that's displaced slightly from the liquid of the fuel 894 00:18:29,830 --> 00:18:29,840 the liquid of the fuel 895 00:18:29,840 --> 00:18:33,669 the liquid of the fuel and that's what burns the vapor 896 00:18:33,669 --> 00:18:33,679 897 00:18:33,679 --> 00:18:35,750 next question please 898 00:18:35,750 --> 00:18:35,760 next question please 899 00:18:35,760 --> 00:18:37,270 next question please and this is the last question from 900 00:18:37,270 --> 00:18:37,280 and this is the last question from 901 00:18:37,280 --> 00:18:38,630 and this is the last question from louisville science center please go 902 00:18:38,630 --> 00:18:38,640 louisville science center please go 903 00:18:38,640 --> 00:18:39,590 louisville science center please go ahead 904 00:18:39,590 --> 00:18:39,600 ahead 905 00:18:39,600 --> 00:18:41,270 ahead my name is tom fulda 906 00:18:41,270 --> 00:18:41,280 my name is tom fulda 907 00:18:41,280 --> 00:18:43,190 my name is tom fulda and i was wondering would the amount of 908 00:18:43,190 --> 00:18:43,200 and i was wondering would the amount of 909 00:18:43,200 --> 00:18:45,270 and i was wondering would the amount of electricity used in the experiment 910 00:18:45,270 --> 00:18:45,280 electricity used in the experiment 911 00:18:45,280 --> 00:18:47,590 electricity used in the experiment change the rate of combustion and would 912 00:18:47,590 --> 00:18:47,600 change the rate of combustion and would 913 00:18:47,600 --> 00:19:00,070 change the rate of combustion and would microgravity have any effect on this 914 00:19:00,070 --> 00:19:00,080 915 00:19:00,080 --> 00:19:01,750 that's another uh interesting question 916 00:19:01,750 --> 00:19:01,760 that's another uh interesting question 917 00:19:01,760 --> 00:19:03,110 that's another uh interesting question we have to think on that a little bit 918 00:19:03,110 --> 00:19:03,120 we have to think on that a little bit 919 00:19:03,120 --> 00:19:03,909 we have to think on that a little bit but 920 00:19:03,909 --> 00:19:03,919 but 921 00:19:03,919 --> 00:19:05,029 but certainly when you put in more 922 00:19:05,029 --> 00:19:05,039 certainly when you put in more 923 00:19:05,039 --> 00:19:06,870 certainly when you put in more electricity into your filaments now 924 00:19:06,870 --> 00:19:06,880 electricity into your filaments now 925 00:19:06,880 --> 00:19:08,710 electricity into your filaments now we're not doing it exactly that way 926 00:19:08,710 --> 00:19:08,720 we're not doing it exactly that way 927 00:19:08,720 --> 00:19:10,789 we're not doing it exactly that way we're igniting it from an external 928 00:19:10,789 --> 00:19:10,799 we're igniting it from an external 929 00:19:10,799 --> 00:19:12,710 we're igniting it from an external source we're not putting electricity 930 00:19:12,710 --> 00:19:12,720 source we're not putting electricity 931 00:19:12,720 --> 00:19:13,590 source we're not putting electricity through it 932 00:19:13,590 --> 00:19:13,600 through it 933 00:19:13,600 --> 00:19:15,590 through it i wouldn't expect the electricity to be 934 00:19:15,590 --> 00:19:15,600 i wouldn't expect the electricity to be 935 00:19:15,600 --> 00:19:18,150 i wouldn't expect the electricity to be affected by the microgravity at all 936 00:19:18,150 --> 00:19:18,160 affected by the microgravity at all 937 00:19:18,160 --> 00:19:20,549 affected by the microgravity at all but by increasing the electricity in the 938 00:19:20,549 --> 00:19:20,559 but by increasing the electricity in the 939 00:19:20,559 --> 00:19:22,070 but by increasing the electricity in the filament if we were doing it that way 940 00:19:22,070 --> 00:19:22,080 filament if we were doing it that way 941 00:19:22,080 --> 00:19:23,909 filament if we were doing it that way like you're doing it on the ground 942 00:19:23,909 --> 00:19:23,919 like you're doing it on the ground 943 00:19:23,919 --> 00:19:25,830 like you're doing it on the ground increases the rate at which the filament 944 00:19:25,830 --> 00:19:25,840 increases the rate at which the filament 945 00:19:25,840 --> 00:19:28,070 increases the rate at which the filament heats and therefore 946 00:19:28,070 --> 00:19:28,080 heats and therefore 947 00:19:28,080 --> 00:19:30,630 heats and therefore impacts the rate at which the vapor is 948 00:19:30,630 --> 00:19:30,640 impacts the rate at which the vapor is 949 00:19:30,640 --> 00:19:32,950 impacts the rate at which the vapor is combust so in fact as you change the 950 00:19:32,950 --> 00:19:32,960 combust so in fact as you change the 951 00:19:32,960 --> 00:19:35,430 combust so in fact as you change the electricity you may see an effect but 952 00:19:35,430 --> 00:19:35,440 electricity you may see an effect but 953 00:19:35,440 --> 00:19:36,950 electricity you may see an effect but that would be again a function of the 954 00:19:36,950 --> 00:19:36,960 that would be again a function of the 955 00:19:36,960 --> 00:19:39,350 that would be again a function of the material that you make your your coil 956 00:19:39,350 --> 00:19:39,360 material that you make your your coil 957 00:19:39,360 --> 00:19:41,110 material that you make your your coil out of and the rate at which you put 958 00:19:41,110 --> 00:19:41,120 out of and the rate at which you put 959 00:19:41,120 --> 00:19:42,870 out of and the rate at which you put electricity in it would be a very subtle 960 00:19:42,870 --> 00:19:42,880 electricity in it would be a very subtle 961 00:19:42,880 --> 00:19:44,310 electricity in it would be a very subtle and difficult thing to measure for you 962 00:19:44,310 --> 00:19:44,320 and difficult thing to measure for you 963 00:19:44,320 --> 00:19:46,470 and difficult thing to measure for you but it is measurable on the ground in 964 00:19:46,470 --> 00:19:46,480 but it is measurable on the ground in 965 00:19:46,480 --> 00:19:48,150 but it is measurable on the ground in microgravity that wouldn't affect us 966 00:19:48,150 --> 00:19:48,160 microgravity that wouldn't affect us 967 00:19:48,160 --> 00:19:49,510 microgravity that wouldn't affect us very much first of all but because of 968 00:19:49,510 --> 00:19:49,520 very much first of all but because of 969 00:19:49,520 --> 00:19:51,350 very much first of all but because of the way we're doing the experiment but 970 00:19:51,350 --> 00:19:51,360 the way we're doing the experiment but 971 00:19:51,360 --> 00:19:52,950 the way we're doing the experiment but in addition to that even if we were 972 00:19:52,950 --> 00:19:52,960 in addition to that even if we were 973 00:19:52,960 --> 00:19:54,870 in addition to that even if we were using electrical way to heat the 974 00:19:54,870 --> 00:19:54,880 using electrical way to heat the 975 00:19:54,880 --> 00:19:56,950 using electrical way to heat the filament i wouldn't expect uh 976 00:19:56,950 --> 00:19:56,960 filament i wouldn't expect uh 977 00:19:56,960 --> 00:19:58,950 filament i wouldn't expect uh microgravity to affect 978 00:19:58,950 --> 00:19:58,960 microgravity to affect 979 00:19:58,960 --> 00:20:01,190 microgravity to affect electricity very much up here so that in 980 00:20:01,190 --> 00:20:01,200 electricity very much up here so that in 981 00:20:01,200 --> 00:20:02,789 electricity very much up here so that in and of itself would not be affected by 982 00:20:02,789 --> 00:20:02,799 and of itself would not be affected by 983 00:20:02,799 --> 00:20:04,230 and of itself would not be affected by microgravity the same thing that was 984 00:20:04,230 --> 00:20:04,240 microgravity the same thing that was 985 00:20:04,240 --> 00:20:05,909 microgravity the same thing that was affected on the ground though would be 986 00:20:05,909 --> 00:20:05,919 affected on the ground though would be 987 00:20:05,919 --> 00:20:07,510 affected on the ground though would be affected up here in the sense that the 988 00:20:07,510 --> 00:20:07,520 affected up here in the sense that the 989 00:20:07,520 --> 00:20:09,110 affected up here in the sense that the rate at which you put the electricity in 990 00:20:09,110 --> 00:20:09,120 rate at which you put the electricity in 991 00:20:09,120 --> 00:20:11,510 rate at which you put the electricity in how much the thickness of the material 992 00:20:11,510 --> 00:20:11,520 how much the thickness of the material 993 00:20:11,520 --> 00:20:13,430 how much the thickness of the material and what that material it is how much of 994 00:20:13,430 --> 00:20:13,440 and what that material it is how much of 995 00:20:13,440 --> 00:20:15,590 and what that material it is how much of a conductor it is will in fact affect 996 00:20:15,590 --> 00:20:15,600 a conductor it is will in fact affect 997 00:20:15,600 --> 00:20:57,270 a conductor it is will in fact affect that burning rate 998 00:20:57,270 --> 00:20:57,280 999 00:20:57,280 --> 00:20:59,360 you